Tuesday, 31 March 2015

LIMA and TRUJILLO

2 MAY 2003 (Blog reconstructed from handwritten notebook)

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BOOK STARTS HERE
Gary kindly drove us to Cardiff Airport at 03:30 where we got a Fokker 70 to Amsterdam. On arrival a smartly dressed woman handed her son a light bag from the overhead locker and told him she would get the heavy one down, 'the bag with the body in it'. Noticing my amusement she staggered me with 'it is true'. So began one of our greatest trips, the very first of many in Latin America to capitalise on an increasing knowledge of Spanish, which itself began on finding the evening course for Italian was full. KLM took us to Lima via a short stop in the Caribbean island of Bon Aire.

Got Peruvian Soles from the ATM, this method of financing was becoming our norm abroad as well as at home. We had booked a couple of nights and a were being met by a driver sure signs we were getting older - though still back packing for a few more years. Our driver waited for another passenger who turned out to be be a Pamela Johnson who was working for her university as a bird researcher in the NW Highlands. He took us to Hospedaje Jose Luis a guest house in Miraflores which amazed us by being like the rest of the street being fortresses behind high locked iron railings. Welcome to LIMA, watch your money and look out for rogue taxi drivers! But a green courtyard behind the railings full of colourful birds gave a softer inside tinge.

3 May
Outflanked the travel agent who invaded after breakfast in search of custom by way of advanced bookings but wisely stayed in control and went in search of the Quilca Street bus station by taxi which I bargained down from 7 to 5, he was pleasantly surprised to get 5USD having been bargaining only in local currency. (Guide books often use USD because it is more stable than local currency, but independent travel actual transactions are almost entirely paid for in local currencies.)
We lunched for 6Soles on our way back to Plaza San Martin. The waiter, still animated, told us we had just missed three robbers armed with knifes in the street outside. It made us tense again for we were carrying (wearing) absolutely everything of value in two money belts containing, cards, travellors cheques and ID details, US dollars, plus my new neck wallet with passports, a card and more dollars. It concentrated the mind and challenged the basis on which we had so far traveled and realised many valuables were safer left in hotel rooms locked in the stainless steel net I had recently bought to protect my rucksack. More recently that haven has switched to locked wheelie bags.
That afternoon was spent in the Museo de la Nacion learning the history of the country from the artifacts of the Stone Age 3000BC, through to the Moche period in 1000BC and its beautiful pottery through to the short lived INCA period from 1400AD which was ended by the Spanish Conquistadors in the 1600s. The finest pottery dates from the earliest period but written records start after the Spanish invasion. This visit was so successful that it set the trend for future travel, start and continue to get to know the full context of a new country with visits to good museums. Leaving the museo we stopped in the artisans market and bandstand outside and discovered chucharones with honey, the Peruvian equivalent of the Spanish churros and hot chocolate.

Found an ATM near our hotel and began to realise how widely available they were becoming, and finding out that post could only be posted inside Post Offices, eventually it went into a giant lions mouth in Trujillo. We had been told to catch the bus at the Javier Prado bus station which dealt only with the top of the range Imperial line of Cruz del Sur. We were off to Trujillo at 13:00 on the upper deck of a very superior bus, the lower deck was full of seats which converted to fully reclining when desired.
TRUJILLO Plaza de Armas
Off we went along the Pacific coast road amazed at the poverty levels of the stone-dry dirty sand coloured townships backed by rocky mountains weathered into pillars often in the cream, red and orange colours reminiscent of Alum Bay, seemingly with no toilets or even means of support except for occasional garages with large ramps to maintain lorries and buses, the only forms of transport besides rickshaws. More pleasantly surprising were the occasional plantations of asparagus, we had not then associated such hot dry country with this plant though writing 12 years later it is now a familiar supplier of asparagus to UK supermarkets, and plantations of fruit trees in occasional very green oasis. Long legged vultures , sea surf, mist rolling in and out.
LISSETTE and JOAN
The bus emptied a good deal at Chimbote well after the red sunset. Soon after on standing up after reaching Trujillo we started to speak to the girl opposite. Lisett turned out to be a Columbian from Bogata who had just completed university studies including two years in Westminster University London and was now working Peru for her own government to study ways of increasing exports more directly to retailers in Peru. She too was looking for a hotel and would help us find one in the dark, which she did by talking to one of the crowd of taxi drivers which greeted the bus.  The pleasant driver took us all to the Alameda del Peligrino, previously the Pullman, in the pedestrian area of Pizarro Street where we had a fine large room which she had bargained down for 100soles including breakfast. She had fluent English from living on Kensington High Street, near Olympia, but had socialised mostly with other Spanish speaker and now lived in the San Isidro region of Lima.

5 May 2003 
The taxi driver booked the evening before was waiting at 9am to take us to Chan Chan (once perhaps 200,000 people). An excellent guide took round the eighth of nine palaces. Each king built his own palace with official areas, kitchens and food storage, sacrificial areas, burial grounds and artesian wells, constructed of Adobe Brick a composite of sand and wood, each identified with the makes symbol . Tapered trapezoidal walls were built with vertical separation every 2 or 3 metres to withstand earthquakes. A young American with excellent Spanish with excellent knowledge about Peruvian civilisations asked to share our guide slowed her response to give us time to follow and he used Spanish only when he could not get a precise reply to his questions in English.
CHAN CHAN
It was a huge walled town with a single entrance gate through which others entered to pay taxes and for social occasions. Sea motive decorations of waves, fish, fish nets, seals and pelicans, plus vital symbols of condors, jaguars, sun and moon. The driver, paid 10s per hour including waiting time, took us to the small focused museum of Chan Chan on the way back then dropped us for our first of many visits to the Plaza de Armas where an impressive statue celebrated independence from the Spanish in 1820.
TRUJILLO Statue celebrating Independence in 1820
The square was surrounded on all four sides by wonderful colonial buildings. After lunch at the Chinese Chiva Chav restaurant of chicken in tamarind sauce and chili with vegetables and rice we returned to the hotel where Lisette was lunching and spoke long with her.

We had great advice from a couple who described themselves as our Edinburgh-  German friends, he lectured there and they were on their second visit to Peru and having previously been only south of Lima as normal had heard about and studied in advance the fantastic far older civilisations of the north. They convinced to go to Chiclayo to stay at the Inca hotel and to contact a young guide Jose Jimenez, told us of the BC history of TUCUME and sketched out the route they had followed inland over night to Chachapoyas and then back over the Andes to Cajamarca. We had been intending to direct to Cajamarca from Trujillo and would without their intervention have almost certainly missed what proved to be the highlight of the trip. A FINE EXAMPLE OF THE BENEFITS OF INDEPENDENT TRAVEL WITHOUT PRE-BOOKING OR A FIXED ROUTE. At Chan Chan we had been told that Cactus Juice had been used as glue to bind adobe but they thought this was almost certainly wrong for colouring and contouring was still so evident there. It had been used initially in restoration work at Huaca de la Luna to clean the stone but was organic and encouraged the growth of fungi which destroyed the colouring and contouring.

6 May the same taxi driver took us to the sacred sites of Huaca de la Luna and Huaca del Sol where there had been extensive excavation to reveal the structure and the fine colouring of earlier levels. The levels each lasted about 100 years when the previous one was enclosed and sealed within a new slightly more extensive level. The period was said to mark dynasty change but a recent BBC4 program about Tucume suggested similar breaks there were caused by climatic disasters linked to the El Nino effect, which affects the rainfall in coastal and inland mountainous regions in inverse ways.
Huaca del Sol
Huaca de la Luna, two stages of earlier decoration revealed
A young archaeologist guided us round and with the 50 year old German couple I have already mentioned  who both worked at Edinburgh University, he as geneticist she as tutor. Part was covered from the elements and Little Owls perched on the roof, the cleaning was being done very carefully with scalpel, paintbrush and distilled water. A huge rubble mountain appeared above Huaca de la Luna not yet investigated. There had been sacrificial rites annually including drinking of human blood by a priest. Several groups were excavating a surrounding village of 1000 plus houses, currently French and from the University of Trujillo though the original work had been done by the University of LA.

We met Lissette for an excellent lunch at Romano in the backroom for 7 or 10s, the latter including desert and a gaseosa drink. She had had a successful day the local officials having provided her with a list of the way particular goods were distributed, information which she had expected to have to dig out retailer by retailer. She had also been making inquiries about Peruvian food and came back with the preferred restaurant Mochicha and some favourites, Parihuela a fish soup, Cabrito Goat, Cuy Guineapig, Misto Maricos seafood starter, Yucca sort of potatoes with stringy structure. We tried of course but were not impressed by the guineapig.

7 May, the best day yet feeling totally relaxed and in control and slightly less tongue tied in Spanish. We had started out with the intention of catching our first collectivo to the local beach resort of Huanchaco, but found three sides of the Plaza de Armas full of students split into school groups in immaculate uniform, each led by a student holding a flag - the 4th side being reserved for police dignitaries. They were, I think, celebrating an entente between them dating back to 1891 with a ceremony in which flags of Peru, Trujillo and the Region were raised on the main flagpole.
TRUJILLO Detente between Students and Police
At the end a few girls plucked up the courage to try out their English on us, we were soon surrounded by a crowd first girls and then the boys followed, given their hesitant English I was soon trying my Spanish. Flor invited us to her 15th birthday party which would be held at our hotel in a few days time. As the crowd got bigger we were warned of the risk of theft by some dodgy looking boys who had joined the throng so we dispersed. 

In the plaza were photographers with very old fashioned camera techniques so we had our portraits taken, he was completely hooded by black light proof sheets as he peered through the lens and focused and took a shot directly onto photographic paper, no film in the modern sense. The print was a negative which was first developed then fixed by dipping the paper into bowls of chemicals all the time protected from light ingress by the same black sheet. Finally it was pinned on a board in front of the camera, surrounded by a negative motif of Trujillo and the combination again photographed directly onto photographic paper to get a true positive photograph.
Joan and friends being photographed old style

(I seem to remember that dad's large earlier cameras photographed directly onto glass photographic plates which were then enlarged, developed and fixed into positive prints in our small darkroom at home.) He was a very keen early photographer who made a little extra money from his skill and regularly entered Wallace Heaton magazine's competition with some success.

That afternoon we went to Huanchaco by collectivo a fantastic port with a large now little used port with a train line now notable only for piles of caballitos de tortora little sea going one man fishing canoes made of reeds. The surf was really fierce inland and the boats were paddled head on directly through perhaps four lines of breaking surf and eventually reached the much calmer water outside. I later remember trying to swim through surf in the Pacific in similar manner to the calm water and got dumped and frightened by its power, before admitting defeat. I lunched on Parihuela, the recommended fish stew with lots of maricos which was spiced with chilli, finishing with a fine red shelled crab.
CABALLITOS at HUANCHACO
In the evening we dined again at the fine Pizza house on Pizza Siciliana accompanied by a huge jug of fresh lime lemonade - which soon became our regular the antidote to the sun dried days. Then onto Romana by 9:30 for an evening of Peruvian music played by two guitarists with rhythm supplied by a drummer sitting and tapping on his Cajon, simply but effectively a sort of loudspeaker like box.
Nightly entertainment in ROMA restaurant

The restaurant owner joined in singing with one other soon drawing all ten tables into song, but the star turn was Roderigo from Cajamarca, overweight from booze and food but with a non-stop smile and wonderful actions from sexy Chica (a shy girl) to a bull fighter with a fine tenor voice and tremendous personality. I left the room to return a little later with a camera and in no time we were an important part of the audience, playing Blue Moon and a song about the failings of the Spanish Armada for our benefit. The guitarists moved onto Latin American rhythms and risque songs with a Georges Brassens feel, then we had a good talk with them at the end.

Just two German from Edinburgh, a small party of young American students, a Columbian business woman and us would seem to be the only tourists in town. All these historic attractions plus great entertainment - what a shame!

8 May 'Zona segura en caso de sismo' this sign appears near each indoors pillar and 'No usar en caso sismo o inciendo' against each lift serves as a reminder of the need for vigilance in the case of earthquake. On the other side of the street a woman sits at her small desk selling Presion Arterial to a regular supply of customers. Girls passed with their long black scrunched into a clip. The Spanish descendants are pure white whilst the native indien stock are quite dark but the majority have intermarried and are coffee coloured. 

Casa de la Enancipacion, now owned and run by Banco Continental had a fine collection of modern art, but you needed to surrender your passport to gain entrance. Most paintings were large typically 1.5 x 1.3 metres at prices between 200 and 1000s. We liked several by Giron and Flores.

9 May Road transport still blocked across the country by a transport lorry drivers blockade, it seems to be without end so having learned from Lissette that you could book a flight without paying till you confirmed we took such a precaution.

Museo Cassinelli, Moche Pottery
In the morning we went to Museo Cassinelli which had an impressive collection of pottery. The very old, frail, almost blind, owner let us into the  underground dungeon protected by two locked massive iron gates. He was clearly worried about theft, but thereafter detecting genuine interest  and willingness to learn was very helpful, though nervous enough eventually to ask me to stop photographing. The collection was wide ranging with some styles reminiscent of Eygptian and Etruscan, faces of various people, Mongolian, Chines, and Negro slaves, different birds, animals and fruits, much of Peruvian Moche style possibly bought from robbers of graves, and demonstrating disabilities for instance Siamese twins and elephantiasis. 
Museo Cassinelli
It needs to be remembered that there was no written history in Peru before the Spanish conquest but the Moche pottery records dating back to BC are fabulous in recording every aspect of life from people to mythical gods like Decapitator, animals deformities even copulation and sodomy.

That evening we said goodbye to Lissette who was flying back to Lima who said she wanted to meet and take us out for a meal at the end of our holiday. She also gave us contact details for a small hotel Hostal Buena Vista, Avenue Grimaldo del Solar in Miraflores that they used for business associates. 

A return evening visit to Romano for another night of music which burst into life when a dark skinned Indien with great presence and sense of fun walked in with his Andean flute, played straight like a recorder but blowing over the hole like a flute, got such a fine sound from this simple instrument. He asked our nationality then played the Beatles tune Yesterday as a solo, no-one else in the audience or the other instrumentalists appeared to know this number. He sang as well and gave around five numbers before sitting down and shuck our hands before leaving, but soon came back with the owner having presumably received some play for his impromptu performance. The owner, himself a singer, is obviously keen to promote music and people turn up on spec to perform any night of the week.

10 May we took our passports to La Casa Urquianga to gain entrance and see the first Peruvian banknotes issued in 1826 just after Independence, displayed together with coins, commemorative medals, wooden furniture, a marble bath, table and pictures from the era. We were taken around by a guide with excellent English who would not accept a tip saying 'it is not necessary'. Next to a craft shop where Joan would have liked to buy a wall tile when we learnt the strike had been called off for 24 hours and decided to buy a ticket out to Chicklayo that evening on Linea line, then back to the hotel where we learned we had an invitation to Flor's party but on discussing with the receptionist decided we needed to move that evening in case in case in the announced strike window. 

That evening we had a comfortable ride with toilet on the Linea company bus to Chicklayo. There was slightly more leg room than on Cruz del Sur - so Linea too is a good standard. 





 



 

CHICLAYO

10-15 May
Unfortunately I have no written notes, they recorded only that I had written much to floppy disc at the time, so I will rely on photos to prod the memories. We checked in at the Inca Hotel after bargaining down to 100s from initially requested 140s.   
I am using a lockable stainless steel net for the first time and although so far we have not seen another I am pleased with the added security of  feeling confident to leave passports at least on money belt behind in hotel rooms.
CHICKLAYO Hotel INCA
Thereafter we had a good relationship with the reception desk. I remember in particular an early visit to the market.
If You Will Visit Markets Beware!
RAZOR Thieves leave my dictionary
Checking my pockets before entering an eating area I noticed that my right pocket had been cut open by a razor to reveal only that the attracting bulge in my pocket was caused by my small Spanish dictionary, so they got nothing though luckily some USD in my inner pocket had not been revealed. The desk referred me back to the very same market and a stall which offered invisible mending who gladly undertook to repair the trousers.
They also put me in touch with Jose Jimenez (51-074-271403) the English speaking guide recommended by the couple from Edinburgh. He was excellent for 50$ a day including transport and we went with him on near daily excursions including Sipan via the Bruning Museum in Lambayeque, and Tucume. Sipan was full of excavated detail whereas Tucume was but a barren scene of extensive ruins.
JOAN and JOSE JIMINEZ at SIPAN
LORD SIPAN'S BELONGINGS
LORD SIPAN'S TOMB
I write of knee hip and back problems in truth was worried how I would deal with the altitude after all around 3000m was the highest so far. Joan had a fever with severe eye/head ache following a severe head cold but a day later we went to the Sipan site. In fertile areas like these, flat and fertile the countryside is reminiscent of Thailand

The burials were opened  just twenty years before, about 1983, and are featured in two editions of our National Geographic Magazine.  Every part of the body was covered in funeral masks.

I do have a few records of explanation regarding the civilisation of Sipan. The duality of good and evil pervades the ancient beliefs, gold equates to Sun and silver to moon  masculine to day and female to night.
The peanut case has a form somewhat similar to the Chinese Yin and Yang, and many objects are half silver and half gold.
The jaguar is a symbol of good and bad (teeth).
Al Apaec is the god of good and bad
The large serpent is symbolic of the sky, the ??? is of the earth, the fish (a ray) is symbolic of the sea. 
Feline faces on man is a recurrent theme
The owl appears a great deal but not as a symbol of wisdom in our culture but as one of darkness.

The servant buried with Lord Sipan was in fact his guardian. The one above one corner was the look out. Those buried with him had their feet cut off to ensure they could not leave. A boy of 10+ was also buried as were two llamas and a dog.

The Sipan discovery led to the inauguration of a world class museum, the Tumbas Realas de Sipan to house the treasures and photographic records of the archaeology. Gold, silver, copper and gold electroplated onto copper in the days before electricity. Coral, shells, precious stone and textiles. It ranks with the Bruning museum near Tucume also by Walter Alva, providing excellent records of Lambeyeque civilisation.  

I record progress with Spanish recording finding daily TV an aid for programs in English with subtitles in Spanish. There are over 100 channels including the Discovery, CNN, Film Europe and Spanish TV. Additional vocabulary is coming from from here and by translating written text in museums and from menus.

Today revealed that Chupe, Sopa and Crema were references to soup. Chupe de Langestinos was a delicious creamy soup with some pasta, rice, sweet potato and above all tasty shrimps. Joan had Misto Maricos with fried rice. We had eaten two 3 course lunches in the hotel for 10s, limonada made from lime and lemon was sold in litre jugs for 5s.

I have a 147 telephone card, pick up a phone, state the code number when asked and the telephone number required and you will be connected, though reception will dial local numbers.

Tucume which was the the final set of 25 ruined pyramids (man made brick mountains) in an area in the foot hills of the Andes which once had 250. The earlier ones had been destroyed one by one over the centuries as they were overwhelmed by floods and droughts resulting from the now well understood climatic extremities resulting from the El Nino effect, a severe temperature variation in a current running from the Southern Ocean up the Pacific coast of South America.
Joan surveys the countless ruins of TUCUME
Only last night (29 March 2015) there was an hour long program on BBC 4 detailing the history of the Lambayeque civilisation. It explained that Tucume was deserted by the Incas for fear by the Lambayeque people of the invasion of the Conquistadors from Spain, in spite of the fact they never actually reached Tucume. In time honoured manner they had assumed the disaster of this threatened invasion resulted from the wroth of the gods was and failing to find remedy to placate them were prepared to destroy by burning the pyramids and deserting them. In the case of Tucume the sacrifices involved cutting the throats and then beheading over 100 of their victims including children, based on recent evidence of the state of skeletons of pairs of bodies and dismembered heads.

16 May
I hardly slept last night for a running cold, perhaps a reaction for climbing the mountain at Tucume without sign of hip trouble. It looks as though practicing Joan's Alexander Technique twice daily, night and morning is paying dividends. After getting cash from an ATM, paying the bill and packing we alone took a collectivo (car) to Pimentel on the coast for 5s. We walked along the long pier built for the export of sugar with a railway track which was once used for loading ships from railway trucks. Now it was used for line fishing, we saw both sea bass and eels being caught, I took a photo of a wizened old man who had just caught an eel and he was delighted when I offered him 50cents.

The sugar export industry failed partly as a result of Peru's 1974 land reforms by a Marxist Government, which broke up large farms to hand small parcels of land to the unskilled farming of peasants, this story was repeated all over the country. Also because European countries reacted with huge subsidies for sugar beet which initially cost 4 to 6 times as much to grow and process.
 
There was the exhilarating launching of caballitos (little horses) down steep steps into the sea beyond the surf.
PIER at PIMENTEL
FISHING BOATS at SANTA ROSA
We took another collectivo to the fishing port of Santa Rosa with many boats from decaying hulks to modern trawlers and some cabillitos which unlike Pimentel were not fishing. We saw the same Peruvian family presumably on holiday in the area. Crabs were running on the sand, Dunlins on the edge of the sea and Egrets wading in the shadows. A virtually full collectivo stopped and took us back to Chicklayo for a last meal at the hotel
Chupe de Cangregos (crabs), Pescado Sudado a lightly spiced sauce, Helado de Vanille and Chicha n Morado de Maiz to drink.

As we left the hotel receptionist Via presented us with a colourful doll in Latin American costume so responded with a generous tip for the four people who manned the desk. Then issued with a warning about the unsafe route to the station and the need for vigilance so we took a taxi to Movil bus station though it would have been much quicker to walk.

The rucksacks were checked in and the numbered tag clipped both to them and our tickets. On board the hostess welcomed us aboard, told us to not drink alcohol and to be responsible for protecting our own hand luggage, wished us a pleasant trip and gave us a box with a simple 3-decker sandwich (marmite) a packet of choc chips, biscuits a couple of boiled sweets and a plastic cup of coke.

Three hours later at 10.30 the bus stopped, the drivers changed over and most of the men got out to pee in the roadside. I didn't feel like ready for it and couldn't go. There was a full moon so Joan had the window seat and kept a look out as we climbed over the Andes and descended the eastern slopes. As I was still full of head cold it was difficult to clear my ears with the changes in altitude. At times the road went through high narrow cuttings in the mountains on a continuous switch back always turning this way or that. 

The journey took 9 hours in all as the ticket desk had said, though if wet it would have taken 12 hours because after Bagura the road was no longer tarmac-ed, shades of remote Canada



CHACHAPOYAS and THE CLOUD MOUNTAINS

CHACHAPOYAS (Land of the Clouds)
17 May 2003
Eventually we saw from the overnight bus a cluster of lights in the distance which turned out to be Chachapoyas. It was a typical mountain village which could have been Kullu or Old Manali in NW India, heavy carved wooden balconies with overhanging tiled roofs. Even at 4am, before sunrise, the cafes were full of Peruvians socialising. The bus was surrounded by touts as usual, a young man approached offering to take us to the Hotel Revash. I hesitated until I discovered that this was the one I had highlighted in the LP. It turned out to be a fine old building built around a courtyard including a couple of banana trees and our front room overlooked the main square. I checked the lav which flushed easily, the water in the shower was hot and agreed to take the room for 40s per night. They didn't serve breakfast so off to bed for 6 hours sleep, happy that I had carried the rucksack to the hotel without problem, so 2350m was not going to be a problem.   

After a shower we locked the main rucksack, turned the key in at the desk where we found they were agents for Andes Tours and offered us a trip to Kuelap with an overnight stop at Tingo and then on to Leimebamba for 100s each. The young lad spoke clear slow Spanish and was easy to communicate with, but first I needed to feel better and time to investigate alternatives and become more knowledgeable about the earlier civilisations so we agreed to talk later.
CHACHAPOYAS, far side of Plaza de Armas
There was a glorious view from our window onto the square which was always alive with Peruvians strolling, sitting, talking. We found the Matalache and although it was 11:30 went in for a breakfast of juice, a half pint glass full of hot milk and some coffee and a jam butty.We both felt a little breathless as we walked there (made much worse by our colds)but then went for a walk to a new petrol station on the edge of town - 8s per US gallon of diesel, 10s and 12s for 84 octane and 90 octane respectively. Everyone seemed very friendly and we were so far avoiding the tour guide pimps for the time being.

The sky was overcast but always moving with the sun breaking through as we sat in seats overlooking the square and the inner courtyard with it's lovely wooden balcony and staircases. We have grown used to the fact that a nine hour plane journey can transport us from Britain to an exotic land but now we see a bus can lead us from the irrigated fertile plains of Chiclayo to this high mountain refuge. It is simply laid back and charming, as Joan said the kids look like kids not young people in school uniform. There is a British rural atmosphere here and the weather is like a good spring day for within the last two minutes the sky has become largely blue. Only the line of tall aerials, satellite dishes and microwave repeaters on the hills opposite to the north or the electricity distribution wires in the square below betray that we are in the twenty first century. 

Our balcony at Hotel Revash overlooked the taxi rank
There is very little traffic, just a few large white taxis, mini buses. This is a town of 20,000 pedestrians. The dress is still normal but almost all of the girls in trousers as elsewhere in the Peru we have seen. No sign of the top hats worn by Andean women, ponchos or other flamboyant forms of dress.

"What is this life if full of care there is no time to stand and stare". Chachapoyas would have suited W H Davies.

We have not seen a supermarket, not even a grocery store nor an Internet Cafe or a photocopy shop. Very comfortable heavy wooden furniture. We will be happy here. Eating Club Social biscuits and toasted almonds from Chiclayo we wonder if we will ever buy more here. Remembering the El Centro supermarket in Chiclayo with its range of goods as great as you would find in a British supermarket of similar size.

White houses, lovely windows, a church of unusual shape, wooden balconies, a plaza full of green lawns, shrubbery, wooden seats and people lazing time away. Feeling full of cold and with a sore throat - no me sento bien. Tengo un resfriado y anginas. Now the weather changes again to the same pitter-patter of light rain as on arrival.  

19 May Kuelap
Accompanied by Yanic the Greek self styled Vagabond, met the previous day in the small museum in Chachapoyas plaza. I was low on confidence not really sure how to proceed in this true Latin America, he advised me to pluck up courage and go to talk to the numerous taxi drivers waiting endlessly for trade on the Plaza de Armas. 'You ask him' he instructed me in Spanish and in doing so kickstarted our trip accompanying me to the first taxi in the row waiting in the plaza. He was right it wasn't daunting and soon we had organised a trip together to Kuelap for the following morning.

The road was to Ting was closed 6am to 6pm for major road repairs except for their hour long lunch break. We set out a 10:30 and were soon waiting in the long queue for opening time.
Road Block
The taxi was a newish Toyota Corollo estate fitted with reassuring crash bars driven by a very pleasant young driver. The route tortuous changing from high precipices to low sections just a couple of feet above a raging river, through lovely hills cultivated on 45 degree slopes with potatoes, maize and a pea green vegetable. We stopped in Tingo for petrol and a snack then he drove up the side track through Maria as far as possible and left us with a half hour walk to Kuelap. He would wait four hours. 

Recently in 2015 there have been proposals of a cable car and of Kuelap (3100m) acquiring the same tourist status as Machu Picchu, it was very different then though has recently been the subject of another BBC4 program on the lost civilisations of South America. The taxi took us up the mountain to the end of the road and left us to complete the ascent by gentle footpath, the walk was delightful  with a marvelous range of Autumn flowers. 
Taxi parked Joan starts the walk up to Kuelap
There is absolutely no written recollection of the visit to the mountain fortress, though it was an unforgettable experience as I hope will be obvious once the photos have been added. The only written comments are 'my daily oiling' which I assume was the application of sun blocking lotion, and ATITIKI which apparently is honey from the Athens region sold in metallic jars - the significance of which alludes me.
LLAMA grazing by entrance to Kuelap
Narrow uphill entrance track to Kuelap

ENTER IF YOU DARE
We were greeted  at the entrance hut by a few grazing llamas and had to sign the visitors book before entry. It was rarely visited and that day we were the only visitors. After walking together through the narrow defensible entrance in the impressive high stone wall Yanic left for his own exploration. 
YANIC parts company at Kuelap
It was a wonderful experience in a magical mountain top full of the signs of ancient life and magnificent views, small wonder that we expected to be disappointed later by the comparison between this remote unknown mountain paradise and Machu Pichu.
Reconstructed Round House Base





Reconstructed Round House

 











KUELAP more typical scene
20 May Lerido, Yalape and Coja Cruz
We are getting the habit of hiring taxis, this one around the above named places took 6 hours and cost just 40s. With luck the photos will carry the narrative I seem to remember one of Oxen ploughing a mountain side, another of a post mistress spinning wool as she walked along the mountain road. The day was notable for picking up Eduardo a Swedish tourist whose wife is working with Save The Children charity in Lima. He called himself a professional tourist with a special interest in birds and yesterday had seen a Variable Hawk, so called because they came in several different plumages. 
Oxen Plowing

Postlady spins as she walks
Finished a day's hard farm labour
Near Chachapoyas Village scene
Ed had many recommendations some of which we took up later
Huaraz, to Yungay and Yungay to Llanganulo Lakes by collectivo.
Pisco, El Chago is the port for boats to the Ballestas Islands
Nasca, the hotel El Nido del Condor with swimming pool

21 May Leimebamba
Another taxi to overnight in Leimebamba via Revash burial cliff , not mentioned in the LP. After we had made the booking the driver returned to ask if his wife and son, who had a day of holiday from school could come as passengers.
Taxi Driver and family
Woman weaving on street outside her home
Just before arriving at Revash we went through a small hamlet and photographed a woman weaving outside her house.

Having just parked the taxi at Revash we met men collecting boomerang shaped pieces of wood from the woods near the torrential river with which they intended to build a water wheel to drive millstones to grind their maize. We also spoke to a Chilean who expressed great pleasure at the way Joan was moving following her recent knee replacement, his great friend was an English Doctor he had worked with in China 20 years earlier. I seem to remember he had mobility problems of his own and had not made it to the mountain cliff burials.

Joan wouldn't have either but for the friendly but determined help from the taxi driver's wife nor help from the woodsman who cut her a series of steps in the final slippery slope. That I didn't tip him for such a vital contribution, mainly because of wanting to hide my money from the taxi driver's family, is one of my great regrets of the trip. Getting there at all was a great achievement for us both, like Kuelap another highlight of the trip.
The Burial Mountainside at Revash
REVASH BURIAL HOUSE
They got her there!
We had a nice Sopa de Galina (boiling hen) at Hospedaje de la Laguna de los Condores at Leimebamba      

22 May
MUMMIE STUDY MUSEUM at LEIMEBAMBA

The main attraction was the fine new (1999) Austrian sponsored museum  Centro Mallqui in Leimebamba, the LP says its Austrian, which housed over one hundred mummies recovered in 1997 from the Laguna de los Condores cliff site nearby. Numerous keen researchers were now currently making a detailed DNA study of the mummies. They were comparing DNA with the current population of the region in order to study migration and extinction.

We spent a good deal of time at the Raymi Pampa cafe in the main plaza. In particular we had a long chat with David a young engineer from Brunel and Cambridge Universities who had just started with a small management consultancy firm and Brian an Aussie who was travelling for a year in South America then Alaska and Europe. David had smashed his knee in a motor bike accident a year ago but was having great problems after walking down a cater with a heavy rucksack, Brian was now carrying both their rucksacks. They later left to be driven across the Andes to Celedin for 170s, by the owner of the cafe  in his 4 wheel drive.

The owner had just moved his family from Arequipa an impressive southern city, see later on return from Machu Pichu. His 13 year old daughter Vanessa had been born in Arequipa as had her father but her mother was from Amazonas a vast largely low lying region of Peru, of which Chachapoyas was once the Capital. Vanessa helped a good deal with Spanish pronunciation, she not surprisingly missed her friends.
LEIMEBAMBA
That evening in the plaza a high lorry with livestock arrived from Celedin and from their perch on top of the hay came N Mark and a Swiss girl. We had dinner together, the girl in particular was raving about the trip describing it as the best scenery of their trip in the Andes. We investigated the daily bus from the plaza to Celedin and came to the conclusion it would be crowded and uncomfortable and resolved to wait for the return of the owner.

23 May
The owner had not yet returned, because they had gone through to Cajamarca no doubt because of David's knee problems, and that required an unintended night's stop over. When we saw him at 3:30 he said there were problems with his car, Vanessa referred to it as un carro malgrado

We set out on the Inca road to Congana 3200m, but turned back quite tired enough having climbed almost to the top. Not much activity though we saw a country woman bringing her washing in, the other locals were mainly on horseback, usually with a couple of other horses used as pack animals often huge bags of sand dug from the col being taken down to the town for use in construction, another with corn to be used as seed.
Pack Horses carrying building sand
In town girls were washing their clothes in a stream which had been diverted to run along the street, and a group of boys were fighting with spinning tops. Put a lot of tops together on the road then throw a spinning top onto the top of the pile and at least one comes out spinning. 
Fighting with Spinning Tops
Girls washing clothes in the street, thanks to diverted river
At 3:30 all the women were collecting their milk in large plastic bottles. The day had started clear blue but changeable as ever had turned to cloud , sun , then light rain but by 4:30 the sky was clear blue once more. A man on a horse stopped to exchange a few words, shake hands and continue on his way. People were always friendly in The Land of the Clouds.
CHICKENS , TO or FROM MARKET?

24 May   Across the Andes by 4 wheel drive
Crossing the high Andes
 CROSSING ANDES IN NORTH PERU
 The owner finally agreed to take us but only to Celedin, not the whole way to Cajamarca - and for a slightly increased price compared to that paid by the two lads for the same distance. He undertook to drop us at a suitable hotel. Even so the crossing to 5000+ metres took him all day so he would have recrossed the Andes in the dark. The trip lived up to the Swiss girl's memory, another highlight of an exciting trip to Peru, one described inadequately by occasional photos taken on route.

The hotel at Celedin was not inspiring but quite good enough for a short night, for we had to leave by the 4am bus to Cajamarca, though it was 5:30 and a few passenger seeking trips around town before we finally left just before dawn with just 8 people. A feature was banter competition between combi drivers and the bus, they were offering the trip for 5s but the bus kept quiet for its fair was 10s 

Monday, 30 March 2015

CAJAMARCA

25 May 2003 Celedin to Cajamara (2650m)
It was another quite magical journey, so much so that we decided in part to retrace our steps as will be seen. Joan and I saw a wonderful yellow dawn beak into a clear blue sky and were able to watch from the bus as the rural communities woke up. People who had been cold in bed were sitting on their doorsteps in the morning cool sun to warm. A man on horseback pursued the bus from far behind a bend in the mountainside, but one seen the bus backed up to sharp bend in the road and took his load, then waited for a follower on foot with a heavily laden horse who had just come into view and took his load too for delivery later on the journey. Such was country life.
Nearing Cajamarca,  Cactus Hedges
HAPPILY WALKING TOGETHER
At 7:30 the bus stopped for breakfast at an isolated cafe, in our case for just a cafe con leche to accompany the brioche we had bought the previous night. I did however use the bano and flushed it with a bucket of water drawn from a nearby tap. As we neared Cajamarca there was a particularly fine patchwork of fields which varied with their crop. I singled out a particularly attractive spot at 9:32 and noted that our journey finished at 10.15, but we never did find it again.

Took a taxi to the Santa Apolonius hotel which was listed as budget category with some mid-range rooms. Ours was fine looking out from our balcony into a courtyard covered with coloured glass. Lots of hot water for my shower but not Joan's. Bargained from 80 to 70 to 60s for three nights on particularly comfortable mattresses with fitted sheets which for once stayed in place.

Climbed the very steep steps to the dominating statue El Quarto del Rescate with impressive gardens. Perhaps I didn't understand it's importance at the time, now thanks to BBC4 now realise it marks the key, but treacherous, defeat of the Incas by the Spanish conquistadors. 
QUECHAS PROUD OF THEIR HERITAGE
In 1460 the Incas defeated the Cajamarca people. By 1532 the Incas headed by Atahualpa successful in a civil war with his half-brother Huascar ruled an Empire stretching from Columbia to central Chile and an army numbered in tens of thousands. He was aware of Pizarro's second arrival in 1528 from Spain but scarcely feared their tiny army. Atahualpa was marching south from his stronghold of Quito to Cusco with his large army to claim and consolidate his new empire. 

On 15 November 1532 Pizarro arrived at Cajamarca, then a major Inca city fortress between Quito and Cusco, with a force of just 160 men. On request they were invited by Atahualpa to stay in the central plaza. He arrived to meet them the following evening with 6000 men from the Inca army, but Pizarro's horseback cavalry armed with swords massacred the Inca army armed only with axes and slings. Atapualpa himself was captured and held captive and offered to fill a large room with gold if they would release him. He fulfilled his part of the bargain The conquistadors recorded the seizure and melting down the ransom of 6,000kg of gold and 12,000kg of silver. Atahualpa attempted to arrange his rescue, was sentenced to death and killed. 

The Spaniards crowned Huascar's younger brother as puppet Emperor of the Incas and with him were free to march south to take  Huasca's previous territory of Cusco.

Found a good Internet cafe for 2.5s per hour, with fair prices for fractions, but found no email replies from Chachapoyas.

26 May 
Got a taxi to take us back towards Celedin and drop us on the road side so we could relive the wonderful countryside as we walked slowly back to Cajamarca. He willingly took us to Banos de Inca but was reluctant and expensive to go further, not surprising because the dirt road was deserted and with no prospect of finding a return fare. Nevertheless we were disappointed in failing to reach the spot earmarked from the bus yesterday so we walked 2km further on, but that point always seemed to be around the next headland. Giving up the quest we started to revel in the wonderfully picturesque country side and to take photographs.
Not so happy Indien Lady with Nino de Carmen
Joan for a while walked happily with an indien couple and their son and his bike until I caught up and photographed them which brought an immediate onslaught from his mother. She rebuked me with 'el e nino o Carmen', he is the child of Carmen the local saint and not yours, implying I had no right to photograph him and warning that 'others might hurl stones at me for such an outrage'.  Joan is very aware of needing tacit permission to photograph, she often criticises me for haste to get a good record. 

There was a long friendly talk with a family of four tending a flock of sheep grazing on the roadside. They asked for our sunhats, the ones we had bought for few pence to use on our camel trek in Jaiselmer India in 1996, and of considerable value as a menoir. Joan was pleased to hand hers over but I was protective of mine which I have to this day in 2015.
SHEPERDESSES
Another group cutting wheat would have made a lovely shot, but on Joan's request we were told not to photograph - maybe they just expected payment. Then a lunch of the buttered banana rolls we had saved from breakfast. Tired after a long days walk in the sun, and with 23 photo-memories (a lot in our pre-digital era) we finally accepted a ride back to town in a passing combi.

27 May
Carlos a Dutchman, now teaching electronics at the University Piura on the northern border with Equador, was a great help in organising our flight to Cusco since he wanted one too so as to accompany his mother. It was not possible today so we arranged to depart the following day at 9am. 

He told us that the minimum wage in Peru was 410s and that teachers earned about 600s. His sister lived in Rennes worked as a translator married a Frenchman and unlike our son James was now naturalised as French.

A State of Emergency had been declared yesterday and the army were on the streets at the request of the Government. The road block would be lifted and schools would reopen. Cajamarca sent 300,000 litres of milk per day to Lima, emphasising the quantity wasted and farming income lost as a result of the long blockage on the Pan American Highway by hauliers, the one which we had experienced in Trujillo nearly three weeks previously.

28 May Flight to Lima

Aero Condor in fact took off at 1:30pm and landed in Lima two hours later. We took a taxi into the city and blissfully passed through an earthquake without feeling a thing, the epicentre was in the sea south of the city measuring 5.1 on the Richter scale. 

The TV was full of army shooting into the air to disperse rioters in Peru Norte and tanks in the centre of Lima. The papers were full of confrontation in Plaza de Armas, Trujillo. They hoped that this would prove the prelude to a new period of stable government with lower taxes on individuals and business but a fair settlement of those with fair claims, and not as in the recent past a return of military government.

We felt lucky to have escaped the north eastern coastal fringe of Trujillo, Chimbote and Chicklayo virtually untouched. Stayed overnight in Hotel Calibe on outskirts of Lima.
  


  

















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